Types of Computers

There are different types of computers all over the world. In this world, we can get many computers from small to big. Many computers of different types are being developed in this modern world. These computers are classified according to their shape, size, purpose, and speed. On the basis of purpose, computers are classified into two types. They are given below.

1. General-purpose computers
2. Special purpose computer

I) General Purpose Computers

Those computers which are designed to perform the different tasks are called general-purpose computers. These computers can perform more than single tasks. Some of the examples of general-purpose computers are microcomputers such as laptops, PCs notebooks, etc. These types of computers contain a general-purpose operating system. These computers are mainly used for:

1. Creating documents
2. Graphics designing
3. Differents calculations
4. Data processing
5. Communications etc

II) Special purpose computers

Those computers which are designed to perform single or specific tasks are called special-purpose computers. These types of computers are also called dedicated computers. These types of computers have limited are applications.  Special types of computer applications are not programmable by the users. These types of computers may or may not contain operating systems. Some of the examples of special-purpose computers are washing machines, self-driven cars, etc. These computers are mostly used for:

1. Weather forecasting
2. To withdraw money from ATM etc

Now, according to the working principle of computers can be categorized into three types. They are given below:

1. Analog computers
2. Digital computers
3. Hybrid computers

Analog Computers

The word "analog" means continuously changing in quantity. Those computers which work with analog signals are called analog computers. Analog computers are also known as special-purpose computers because they can perform only one particular task. These types of computers produce approx results instead of the exact results. The analog computers are based on the analog mechanism so they solve problems by using continuously changing data such as temperature, pressure, speed, etc. Some of the examples of analog computers are speedometer, analog watch, seismograph, etc. 

Uses of analog computers are 

1. It is used to measure speed, temperature, etc.
2. It is used for measuring physical quantities.
3. It is used to measure the heartbeats of a person.

Digital Computers

The word "digital means discrete on/off or discontinuous form of data. Those computers which use digital signals to perform the task are called digital computers. Digital computers perform tasks by using binary digits 0 and 1. Most of the computers which we use are digitals computers. These types of computers produce exact results. Some examples of digitals computers are laptops, personals computers, mobile phones, etc. Digital computers are mostly used for:

1. Education
2. Business
3. Entertainment
4. Official work etc

Hybrid Computers

Those computers which can use both analog and digital data or signal are called hybrid computes. These types of computers can perform the tasks of both analog and digital computers. It has the speed of analog computers and the memory and accuracy of digital computers. Computers used in hospitals, scientific labs, jet planes, etc are some of the examples of hybrid computers. Hybrid computers are mostly used for:

1. Measuring heartbeats in hospital
2. Scientific research
3. Weather forecasting
4. Monitoring satellites etc.

Types of Digital Computers

Microcomputers

Microcomputers are general-purpose, small-sized computers which use a microprocessor as their CPU. These computers are single-user computers.  They consist of CPU, input devices, output devices, storage units, and software. Microcomputers are the single-user computer because they are designed to be used by one person at a time. Microcomputers support networking environment, internet system, advanced software, therefore, they are used most of the fields such as business, education, etc. Nowadays microcomputers are being most popular in students because of their reduced sized and low price in comparison with other computers. Some of the examples of the microcomputer are IBM PC, apple mac, laptops, etc.

Minicomputers

Minicomputers are medium-sized computers which are bigger than microcomputers and smaller than mainframe computers. They are more power full than microcomputers and have higher processing speed and also have higher costs than microcomputers. Minicomputers are multiuser computers.  These computers are mostly used as server computers in the network and hundreds of personal computers can be connected with it. So many users can these computers at the same time. The mini-computers are mostly used in universities, business organizations, and many fields. Some of the examples of minicomputers are VAX, PDP-II, etc.

Mainframe computers

Those computers which are more powerful and have higher processing speed, larger storage capacity, and expensive than micro-computers and mini-computers are called mainframe computers. They have multiple processors So, that thousands of people or users can use single mainframe computer. These computers are used in systems such as business data processing, airlines, credit card processing, etc. Mainframe computers are used as server computes on the world wide web. (WWW). Some of the examples of mainframe computers are IBM1401, CDC6600,(Control data cyber). etc.

Super Computers

Supercomputers are the most powerful computers in all over the world. These computers are used to process large amounts of data to solve complex and complicated problems such as weather forecasting, automobiles designing, etc. They are used in flight management, Intensive care unit, Echocardiogram in hospitals, etc. Some of the examples of supercomputers are CRAY-2, ETA-10, etc.

Types of Microcomputers

I) Desktop Computers

II) Laptop Computers

III) Handheld Computer

I) Desktop Computers

Those computers are designed to fit on the desk are called desktop computers. Desktop computers are the most commonly used computers in all over the world. Desktop computers are mostly used in offices and schools. Desktop computers are mostly used for graphics designing, document preparation, etc.

II) Laptop Computers

Those computers which can be kept on the lap on of the users are called laptop computers. Laptop computers are small in size than desktop computers and it is portable to carry everywhere. Laptop computers are operated by using the rechargeable battery so they can be used everywhere even there is no electricity. They contain a built-in keyboard for typing and a built-in touchpad as a pointing device.

III) Handheld Computers

Those computers which can be easily held on the palm of one hand and can be operated by the other hand are called handheld computers. These computers are also known as a palmtop computer or mini notebook computers. These computers are being popular in all over the world because of their reduced size and low cost. Some of the examples of palmtop computers are given below:

I) Personal Digital Assistance (PDA)

II) Cellular Phones

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