Network Topology

Bishwojit Prasad shah May 19, 2020

Network Topology

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Bus Topology

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Advantages of Bus topology

  1. It is cheaper and easy to install than other topologies.
  2. The failure of one devices does not effects the other devices. 
  3. Multiple nudes can be installed easily or without any difficulty.
  4. The cable length required for this topology is least compared to other topologies.
  5. It is more flexible.
  6. It is easy to use.

Disadvantages of Bus topology 

  1. The failure of common cable or bus affects all the devices.
  2. Terminators are required at the both ends of common cable or bus to function properly.
  3. Security options are limited in the bus topology.
  4. It is difficult to detect the fault of common cable or bus.
  5. Transmission of data in the large bus topology is slow.
  6. Not suitable for network with heavy traffic.

Star Topology

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Advantages of Star topology

  1. It is easy to maintain and modify the network.
  2. In this topology, it is easy to find faults.
  3. Transmission of data is high in the star topology.
  4. Single computer failures does not affects the whole computer.
  5. It is easy to add and remove computers or devices in the star topology.

Disadvantages of Star topology

  1. Star topology is difficult to expand.
  2. More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of the hubs.
  3. It requires more cable length.

Mesh Topology

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Fully connected Mesh topology

Fully connected mesh topology is the type of mesh topology in which Every computer in the network has a connection to each of the other computer in that network. There is not a concept of central switch, hub or computer in fully connected mesh topology. The number of connection in the fully connected mesh topology can be calculated by using this formula. (n is the number of computer in the network) n(n-1)/2.

Partially connected mesh topology

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Partially connected mesh topology is the type of mesh topology in which every computer are not connected with each other like fully connected  mesh topology. In this topology also switch, server or hub is not required.

Advantages of mesh topology

  1. It is easy to find and troubleshoot fault in mesh topology.
  2. Data transmission speed is to high or fast in mesh topology.
  3.  Failure link cannot affects the data transmission from sender to receiver.
  4. Failure of a single device does not affects other devices. 
  5. We can add or remove devices without disturbing other nodes in this topology.

Disadvantages of Mesh topology

  1. Mesh topologies's setup cost is very high or expensive.
  2. It is very difficult to install mesh topology.
  3. Mesh topologies required more cables.
  4. Mesh topologies consume much time to setup or install.
  5. Most of the bandwidth are wasted in this topology.

Ring topology

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Advantages of ring topology

  1. It is easy to find cable failure in ring topology.
  2. In this topology terminater is not required.
  3. Main switch or server is not required in ring topology.
  4. Transmission speed of data is high in this topology.
  5. Every computer has equal access facility in ring topology.
  6. In this topology there is the less chance of data collision because data travels only in single direction.

Disadvantages of Ring topology

  1. It is difficult to add or remove network or computer in this topology.
  2. It is difficult to troubleshoot a ring topology.
  3. Failure of one node can affects the whole computer in this topology.
  4. In this topology, cost of cable is more.
  5. In this topology network configuration is difficult.
  6. Communication delay is directly proportional to the number of nodes in the ring topology.

Tree topology


Tree topology is a special type of topology in which all the computers are connected like the branches of tree. Tree topology is also called the hybrid topology. Tree topology is the combination of bus and star topology. Tree topology is mostly used when flexibility is needed in existing network. 

Advantages of tree topology

  1. It is easy to expand network in this topology.
  2. In this topology, it is easy to find and maintain fault.
  3. Failure of one computer does not affect the whole computer.
  4. It provides flexibility in the network.

Disadvantages of tree topology

  1. Huge cabling is needed in this topology.
  2. A lot of maintenance is needed in this topology.
  3. If the backbone line breaks, the whole computer will down.
  4. It is difficult to configure this topology.
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